Spanish Civil War

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Start: July 17, 1936 Ends: April 1, 1939 Out-Come: Nationalist (rebel) victory Dissolution of the Second Spanish Republic Beginning of Franco's dictatorship Location's: Continental Spain Spanish Morocco Spanish Sahara Canary Islands Balearic Islands Spanish Guinea Mediterranean, North Sea

Republican: Popular Front CNT/FAI UGT ERC Basque Army Supported By: International Brigades Soviet Union (1936-38) Mexico National: Falange Carlists (1936–1937) CEDA (1936–1937) Alfonsists(1936–1937) Army of Africa Supported By: Italy (CTV) Germany(Condor Legion) Portugal(Viriatos) Foreign volunteers Repulican Leaders: Manuel Azaña Julián Besteiro Francisco Largo Caballero Juan Negrín Indalecio Prieto Vicente Rojo Lluch José Miaja Juan Modesto Juan Hernández Saravia Buenaventura Durruti † Lluís Companys José Antonio Aguirre * Manfred Stern "Kléber" National Leaders: José Sanjurjo † Emilio Mola † Francisco Franco Miguel Cabanellas † Manuel Goded Llopis † Gonzalo Queipo de Llano Juan Yagüe Manuel Hedilla Manuel Fal Conde José María Gil-Robles y Quiñones

The Spanish Civil War was a major conflict fought in Spain from 17 July 1936 to 1 April 1939. The war began after a pronunciamiento(declaration of opposition) by a group of conservative generals under the leadership of José Sanjurjo against the Government of the Second Spanish Republic, at the time under the leadership of President Manuel Azaña. The rebel coup was supported by a number of conservative groups including the Spanish Confederation of the Autonomous Right, monarchists such as the Carlists, and the Fascist Falange.

Following the only partially successful coup, Spain was left militarily and politically divided. From that moment onwards Mola's successor,General Franco, began a protracted war with the established government, as loyalist supporters of the centre-left Republican Government fought the rebel forces for control of the country. The conservative generals (nacionales) received the support of Nazi Germany and the Kingdom of Italy, as well as neighbouring Portugal, while the Soviet Union and Mexico intervened in support of the Republican government.

Bloody purges occurred in pieces of territory conquered from the republic in order to consolidate Franco's future regime, while similar killings took place in areas taken by the Republicans. The Civil War became notable for the passion and political division it inspired. Many civilians on both sides were killed for their political or religious views, and after the War's conclusion in 1939, those associated with the losing Republicans were persecuted by the victorious Nationalists.

The war ended with the victory of the rebel Nationalists, the overthrow of the Republican Government, and the exile of thousands of Spanish Republicans, many of whom fled to refugee camps in Southern France. With the establishment of a conservative dictatorship led by GeneralFrancisco Franco in the aftermath of the Civil War, all right-wing parties were fused into the structure of the Franco regime.